Chemistry Vocabulary

This is a list of important chemistry vocabulary terms and their definitions

1.       Atom
Ø  is the smallest particles that can not be divided again
2.       Element
Ø  is a single substance that can not be decomposed into other substances by ordinary chemical reactions.
3.       Compound
Ø  is a single agent which can be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical reactions.
4.       The solution
Ø  is a homogeneous mixture
5.       Suspension
Ø  is a mixture of rough and heterogeneous particles
6.       Colloid
Ø  is a mixture whose particle size lies between the solution and the suspension
7.       Distillation
Ø  is the separation of the mixture based on the difference in the boiling point
8.       Crystallization
Ø  is the separation of the mixture by evaporating the solvent and leaving the solute
9.       Sublimation
Ø  is the sublimate substrate separation of the mixture which can not sublimate
10.   Chromatography
Ø  is the separation of the mixture based on the difference in the diffusion coefficient on a medium
11.   The extraction
Ø  is the separation of the mixture based on its solubility on a particular solvent
12.   Chemical change
Ø  is the change of matter that produces new substances
13.   Isotopes
Ø  are atoms that have the same atomic number, but the mass numbers are different
14.   Isobars
Ø  are atoms that have different atomic numbers, but the mass numbers are the same
15.   Isotons
Ø  are atoms that have different atomic numbers, but have the same number of neutrons
16.   The radius of the atom
Ø  is half the distance between two nuclei of the same kind
17.   Ionization energy
Ø  is the energy needed to release an outer electron from an atom or ion in a gas
18.   Electron affinity
Ø  is the energy involved when an atom or ion in a gas receives an electron and forms a negative ion
19.   Electronegativity
Ø  is a number indicating the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond.
20.  The melting point
    Ø  is the temperature when the vapor pressure of a solid is equal to the vapor pressure of the liquid
21.   The relative atomic mass
Ø  is the ratio of the atomic mass of the element relative to the mass of C-12 atoms
22.   Hydrogen bonds
Ø  are inter-molecular bonds containing H atoms that are bound to atoms that have very high electronegativity.
23.   The element molecule
Ø  is a composite of the same atom
24.   The compound molecule
Ø  is a combination of different elements
25.   Ion
Ø  is an atom or a combination of electrically charged atoms
26.   The empirical formula
Ø  is the formula which expresses the simplest comparison of the constituent atoms of a compound
27.   The molecular formula
Ø  is a formula that states the number of atoms that make up a molecule or a compound
28.   Mol
Ø  is the unit to express the number of particles
29.   The relative molecular mass
Ø  is a mass of 1 molecule of a substance compared to 1/12 mass of 1 C-12 atom
30.   Stoichiometry
Ø  is a quantitative relationship between substances contained in a reaction
31.   Electrolyte solution
Ø  is a solution that can conduct electricity
32.   Acid
Ø  is an electrolyte that when dissolved in water will produce H + ions
33.   Base
Ø  is an electrolyte substance which if dissolved in water will produce OH-
34.   Buffers
Ø  are solutions that can maintain pH in the range in the event of an attempt to increase or decrease the pH
35.   The oxidation
Ø  number is a number indicating the ability of an atom to bind to another atom
36.   A voltaic cell
Ø  is a cell in which a spontaneous redox reaction generates electrical energy
37.   Electrolysis
Ø  is the decomposition of an electrolyte by using a direct electric current
38.   Enthalpy
Ø  is the chemical energy contained in a system
39.   An endothermic reaction
Ø  is a reaction that absorbs heat or heat transfer from the environment to the system
40.   The rate of reaction
Ø  is the reduced concentration of reagents per unit time or the increase of concentration of the reaction product per unit time


Komentar

  1. Nadia26 April 2017 pukul 08.22

    Give me an example of a buffer reaction ?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Unknown26 April 2017 pukul 08.54

      CH3COOH(aq) + NaOH(aq) → CH3COONa(aq) + H2O(l) its example of buffer reaction

      Hapus
  2. Unknown26 April 2017 pukul 09.21

    please give me an example about acid solution and base solution

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Unknown26 April 2017 pukul 09.28

      example of acid solution is H2SO4 or Sulfuric acid, then example of base solution is sodium hydroxide

      Hapus
  3. Unknown21 Mei 2017 pukul 08.39

    "The extraction is the separation of the mixture based on its solubility on a particular solvent". How is the process? What is the purpose of that particular solvent?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Unknown24 Mei 2017 pukul 09.05

      Stages of extraction
      - mixing the extraction materials with the solvent and contacting each other. In this case there is mass transfer by diffusion in the interface of the extraction agent and the solvent. Thus the actual extraction takes place, namely the dissolution of the extract.
      - by using cleansing or filtration.
      - Isolate the extract from the solution and return the solvent, generally done by evaporating the solvent. In certain cases, can be quickly processed further or dioalh after dipekatkan

      Hapus
  4. Unknown22 Mei 2017 pukul 21.29

    Specify the type of atomic radius

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Unknown24 Mei 2017 pukul 09.07

      According to this excellent article on Wikipedia (which I helped edit), the radius depends on the atom. It ranges from 32 to 225 pm = picometers (helium to cesium). A pm = 10^-12 m.

      Or if you like, 0.032 to 0.225 nm.

      Or 0.32 to 2.25 Angstroms.

      He is 0.32 A but hydrogen is 0.53 A and the H2 molecule is larger at 1.1 A or so. So you see why helium gets into and out of anything. It’s small and slippery.

      Hapus
  5. Amarenda24 Mei 2017 pukul 09.32

    please explain about distilation

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Unknown24 Mei 2017 pukul 09.42

      The distillation is a separation of the mixture based on the difference in the boiling point. In studying distillation, we should be more familiar with the vapor pressure, boiling point, heat distillation and bumping and mixed vapor pressure diagrams of 2 kinds of liquids

      Hapus
  6. Unknown24 Mei 2017 pukul 18.09

    Give me examples of isotopes, isobars, isotons and things that distinguish them ?

    BalasHapus
    Balasan
    1. Unknown24 Mei 2017 pukul 19.00

      126C 136C = isotop
      147N dan 146C = isobar
      136C dan 147N = isoton
      its example of isotopes, isobars and isotons

      Hapus

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